Imagine that you are on a jury in a murder case. The prosecution introduces a video into evidence. In that video, the defendant, Johnny, is clearly seen murdering the victim.
Then the defense attorney introduces the testimony of one of the defendant's friends who said, "Johnny was with me that night. He couldn't have committed the murder."
Which evidence is greater? Obviously the video is greater evidence. If the defense attorney doesn't try to address the video, she is going to lose the case and her client is going to jail.
Unfortunately for prosecutors, there usually isn't a video of the murder. Her case has to be built on less powerful evidence. She builds her case bit by bit, giving evidences that build an overall case. She may show that the day before the murder, the defendant made a threat to the victim. Then he went out and bought a gun. Then his alibi fell apart and he was caught in a lie. Also, the victim knew that the suspect had an embarrassing secret about him and was threatening to go public.
All of these little, circumstantial, evidences can add up to a strong case against the defendant. But none of them by themselves would convict.
In contrast, direct evidence might convict just by itself, if the jury believes it. The video, the eye witness or recorded confession.
That does not mean that direct evidence is irrefutable. Videos can be edited, witnesses can be mistaken or lying. Even a confession may be coerced. Circumstantial evidence is also refutable, of course.
But the more evidence is accumulated (whether direct or circumstantial, strong or weak) the stronger the overall case is for the proposition in question, whether it be that a certain person committed a crime or if the LDS church is true.
In a previous post I made a list of evidences in favor of the Book of Mormon. Most of these evidences are direct evidence or somewhere between direct and circumstantial. For example, the three witnesses' testimony is direct evidence. (not irrefutable, but categorically direct). They actually saw the gold plates, an angel and other things. The discovery of Nahom is also direct evidence.
But there is another kind of evidence that I would like to point to that lends support for the church. By itself it is not overwhelming, but as the little evidences add up, the case for the church gets stronger and stronger.
One bit of evidence that I want to point out is written about by Jeff Lindsay here: http://www.jefflindsay.com/lds/temple-blindness/
Mr. Lindsay shows that some of the Mormon temple practices introduced by Joseph Smith have similarities to ancient Christian practices that were also not common in Joseph Smith's time and culture. These include prayer circles and baptism for the dead.
Mr. Lindsay also points out the subtle temple themes in the Book of Mormon that have links to what we know about Solomon's temple in Lehi's time. These themes are not likely to have been known by Joseph Smith and unlikely for a farm boy to know. Nevertheless, someone put subtle clues in the Book of Mormon of these.
A second bit of evidence is shown on Book of Mormon Central's website. They show that a pattern of proper behavior for a king is found in both the Bible and the Book of Mormon. The unself-conscious pattern of good kingly behavior, by Mosiah and Benjamin, contrasted with bad kingly behavior in King Noah, is a masterful literary technique, unlikely to be within Joseph Smith's capability and unlikely to even be known from the Bible.
Here is the source: https://archive.bookofmormoncentral.org/content/deuteronomy-1714%E2%80%9320-criteria-book-mormon-kingship. Quote: "Deuteronomy 17:14–20 represents the most succinct summation in the Bible
of criteria for kingship. Remarkably, the Book of Mormon narrative
depicts examples of kingship that demonstrate close fidelity to the
pattern set forth in Deuteronomy 17 (e.g., Nephi, Benjamin, or Mosiah
II) or the inversion of the expected pattern of kingship (e.g., king
Noah)."
Here is a third example found here: https://knowhy.bookofmormoncentral.org/content/where-did-the-brother-of-jared-get-the-idea-of-shining-stones
Hundreds of these little, circumstantial evidences are being found in the Book of Mormon, the Book of Abraham, doctrines of the church, and the history of the church. Together, they fill out the whole picture, making it harder to deny that there's something to this church.
Here is a quote I like about circumstantial evidence
ReplyDeleteCircumstantial evidence is often as convincing to the mind as direct testimony and often more so. A number of concurrent facts, like rays of light, all converging to the same center, may throw not only a clear light but a burning conviction, a conviction of truth more infallible then the testimony of even two witnesses directly to a fact. Quote It!! Memorable Legal Quotations. In the case of Thompson V. Bowie Eugene C. Gerhart . .
Thanks, Dennis!
DeleteThen someone comes along and challenges your circumstantial evidence
ReplyDeletehttps://www.reddit.com/r/exmormon/duplicates/6jd4fm/budding_apologists_create_book_of_mormon_nahom/